Costa Rican Coffee Gene Bank

Abstract

Coffee (Coffea arabica L.), a globally consumed beverage, holds vast economic, social, and cultural significance. Beyond its sensory appeal and invigorating qualities, coffee is central not just to livelihoods and trade but also biodiversity conservation. Preserving the genetic diversity of coffee is imperative to bolster resilience against emerging threats such as pests, diseases, and the impacts of climate change. The adoption of both in situ and ex situ conservation methods is part of the solution. In situ conservation involves maintaining coffee plants in their native habitats, allowing them to naturally adapt to environmental changes. Conversely, ex situ conservation establishes curated collections, safeguarding diverse coffee varieties in controlled environments. In Costa Rica, CATIE International Coffee Collection (Centro Agronómico Tropical de Investigación y Enseñanza) (CICC) assumes a pivotal role in the conservation of coffee genetic resources. Recognizing the importance of coffee genetic resources and comprehending conservation methods are vital for securing the global coffee industry and enhancing the well-being of communities reliant on this beloved beverage. This chapter highlights CATIE International Coffee Collection (CICC) endeavors in collecting, preserving, and researching a broad spectrum of coffee varieties while also contributing to other gardens and collectors around the country and the world.