Potencial de uso de armadilhas iscadas com o feromônio sexual do percevejo marrom, Euschistus heros (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), para o monitoramento populacional de percevejos praga da soja

Abstract

Estudos básicos foram realizados em campos, para o desenvolvimento de metodología de monitoramento das populacoes de percevejos da soja, utilizando armadilhas iscadas com compostos do feromonio sexual de Euschistus heros. As espécies de percevejos capturadas nas armadilhas iscadas com diferentes combinacoes do feromonio foram as mesmas observadas nas amostragens, utilizando o "pano de batida", método indicado para amostragem das pragas da soja. Os resultados confirmaram a possibilidade da utilizacao de compostos do feromonio sexual de E. heros, para o monitoramento das populacoes das diferntes espécies de percevejos.

Se llevaron a cabo estudios básicos, en condiciones de campo, para desarrollar una metodología de muestreo de poblaciones de chinches plaga de la soja utilizando trampas con la feromona sexual de Euschistus heros. Las especies de chinches capturadas en las trampas con diferentes combinaciones de feromona fueron las mismas que las observadas con el método del paño utilizado tradicionalmente para el muestreo de plagas de la soja. Los resultados confirman el potencial de los componentes de la feromona sexual de E. heros para su utilización en el muestreo de poblaciones de diferentes especies de chinches.

Studies were conducted to develop a new methodology for monitoring the different species of the soybean stink bug complex using traps baited with compounds of Euschistus heros sex pheromone. We tested in the field different combinations of the pheromone compounds, different trap models and different trap installation locations in the plant. In general, stink bug species caught in the pheromone traps were the same as those observed when using the traditional sampling method. A higher number of individuals were caught in traps baited with methyl 2,6,10-trimethyltridecanoate alone and a mixture of methyl 2,6,10-trimethyltridecanoate + methyl 2,6,10-trimethyldodecanoate + 2,4 decadienoate (44:3:53) compared to control treatment (traps baited with the solvent n-hexane) and traps baited with a mixture of 3:1 of 2,6,10-trimethyltridecanoate + methyl 2,6,10-trimethyldodecanoate. Rubber septa impregnated with the pheromone blend remained active for more than 14 days in the soybean field. We tested the efficiency of different trap models made with 2 L plastic bottles in capturing and retaining the insects in field conditions. The model containing one funnel inserted inside the trap, just below the insect entrance holes, was the most effective. The traps caught more insects when the entrance holes were located at 30-40 cm above the base of the plants than when they were located at the top or at 20 cm from the base of the plants.